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Exam Exam Registration for the B.Tech S8 (PT) (S,FE) Exam, September 2026 (2019 Scheme) /// General Extension of Course Duration /// Exam EXAM REGISTRATION – B.Tech S8 (S,FE, Working Professional Examination, September 2026 (2019 Scheme) /// Admission KTU(ACADEMIC) – Eligibility for admission to Engineering programmes of students who have acquired Plus Two qualification partly through the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) – Orders issued /// Result Notification – Result Publication / Answer Book Copy and Revaluation request submission -B.Tech S5 (WP) (S) Exam June 2026 (2019 Scheme)-Reg /// Exam B.Tech S4 (WP) (R) Exam, April 2026 (2024 Scheme) /// Result APJAKTU – Examination (UG-Valuation) – Publication of Results – B.Tech S2 (PT) (S, FE) Exam January 2026 (2015 Scheme) /// Exam B.TECH S8 (PT) (S, FE) Examination, January 2026 (2015 Scheme) /// Exam Exam Registration for the B.Tech S8 (PT) (S,FE) Exam, September 2026 (2019 Scheme) /// General Extension of Course Duration /// Exam EXAM REGISTRATION – B.Tech S8 (S,FE, Working Professional Examination, September 2026 (2019 Scheme) /// Admission KTU(ACADEMIC) – Eligibility for admission to Engineering programmes of students who have acquired Plus Two qualification partly through the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) – Orders issued /// Result Notification – Result Publication / Answer Book Copy and Revaluation request submission -B.Tech S5 (WP) (S) Exam June 2026 (2019 Scheme)-Reg /// Exam B.Tech S4 (WP) (R) Exam, April 2026 (2024 Scheme) /// Result APJAKTU – Examination (UG-Valuation) – Publication of Results – B.Tech S2 (PT) (S, FE) Exam January 2026 (2015 Scheme) /// Exam B.TECH S8 (PT) (S, FE) Examination, January 2026 (2015 Scheme) ///

KTU 2019 ECE curriculum

Electronics and Communication Engineering — KTU 2019 Curriculum
Branch code EC · all eight semesters, with every elective, Minor and Honours option.
162Total credits
8Semesters
6Elective baskets
40Elective options
Semester 1July – December7 courses17 credits
Starts with a three-week Induction Programme. Hours shown are the minimum per week.
Courses tagged S1 or S2 are offered in both semesters — you take one of each pair now and the other next semester. Electronics and Communication Engineering students take Engineering Physics A.
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AMAT101
Linear Algebra and Calculus
MAT101 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BPHT100
Engineering Physics A S1 or S2
PHT100 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BCYT100
Engineering Chemistry S1 or S2
CYT100 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
CEST100
Engineering Mechanics S1 or S2
EST100 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
CEST110
Engineering Graphics S1 or S2
EST110 · L-T-P 2-0-2 · 4 hrs/week
20243credits
DEST120
Basics of Civil & Mechanical Engineering S1 or S2
EST120 · L-T-P 4-0-0 · 4 hrs/week
40044credits
DEST130
Basics of Electrical & Electronics Engineering S1 or S2
EST130 · L-T-P 4-0-0 · 4 hrs/week
40044credits
EHUT101
Life Skills Non-credit
HUT101 · L-T-P 2-0-2 · 4 hrs/week
2024—no credit
SPHL120
Engineering Physics Lab S1 or S2
PHL120 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
SCYL120
Engineering Chemistry Lab S1 or S2
CYL120 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
TESL120
Civil & Mechanical Workshop S1 or S2
ESL120 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
TESL130
Electrical & Electronics Workshop S1 or S2
ESL130 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
Total23 / 24hrs/week17credits
Semester 2January – June8 courses21 credits
Courses tagged S1 or S2 are offered in both semesters — you take one of each pair now and the other next semester. Electronics and Communication Engineering students take Engineering Physics A.
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AMAT102
Vector Calculus, Differential Equations and Transforms
MAT102 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BPHT100
Engineering Physics A S1 or S2
PHT100 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BCYT100
Engineering Chemistry S1 or S2
CYT100 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
CEST100
Engineering Mechanics S1 or S2
EST100 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
CEST110
Engineering Graphics S1 or S2
EST110 · L-T-P 2-0-2 · 4 hrs/week
20243credits
DEST120
Basics of Civil & Mechanical Engineering S1 or S2
EST120 · L-T-P 4-0-0 · 4 hrs/week
40044credits
DEST130
Basics of Electrical & Electronics Engineering S1 or S2
EST130 · L-T-P 4-0-0 · 4 hrs/week
40044credits
EHUT102
Professional Communication Non-credit
HUT102 · L-T-P 2-0-2 · 4 hrs/week
2024—no credit
FEST102
Programming in C
EST102 · L-T-P 2-1-2 · 5 hrs/week
21254credits
SPHL120
Engineering Physics Lab S1 or S2
PHL120 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
SCYL120
Engineering Chemistry Lab S1 or S2
CYL120 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
TESL120
Civil & Mechanical Workshop S1 or S2
ESL120 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
TESL130
Electrical & Electronics Workshop S1 or S2
ESL130 · L-T-P 0-0-2 · 2 hrs/week
00221credit
Total28 / 29hrs/week21credits
Semester 3July – December8 courses22 credits · 26 with Minor/Honours
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AMAT201
Partial Differential Equation and Complex Analysis
MAT201 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BECT201
Solid State Devices
ECT201 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
CECT203
Logic Circuit Design
ECT203 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
DECT205
Network Theory
ECT205 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
EEST200
Design and Engineering S3 or S4
EST200 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
20022credits
EHUT200
Professional Ethics S3 or S4
HUT200 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
20022credits
FMCN201
Sustainable Engineering Non-credit
MCN201 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
2002—no credit
SECL201
Scientific Computing Lab
ECL201 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
TECL203
Logic Design Lab
ECL203 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
R/M—
Remedial / Minor course Optional
L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
4 hours a week for students registered for a Minor; everyone else attends remedial classes.
Minor courses ↓
31044credits
Total26 / 30hrs/week2226 with Minor/Honours
Minor — S33 options · one per bucket
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT281
Electronic Circuits
Bucket I
ECT281 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT283
Analog Communication
Bucket II
ECT283 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT285
Introduction to Signals and Systems
Bucket III
ECT285 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Semester 4January – June8 courses22 credits · 26 with Minor/Honours
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AMAT204
Probability, Random Process and Numerical Methods
MAT204 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BECT202
Analog Circuits
ECT202 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
CECT204
Signals and Systems
ECT204 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
DECT206
Computer Architecture and Microcontrollers
ECT206 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
EEST200
Design and Engineering S3 or S4
EST200 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
20022credits
EHUT200
Professional Ethics S3 or S4
HUT200 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
20022credits
FMCN202
Constitution of India Non-credit
MCN202 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
2002—no credit
SECL202
Analog Circuits and Simulation Lab
ECL202 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
TECL204
Microcontroller Lab
ECL204 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
R/M/H—
Remedial / Minor / Honours course Optional
L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
4 hours a week for students registered for a Minor or Honours; everyone else attends remedial classes.
Minor courses ↓ Honours courses ↓
31044credits
Total26 / 30hrs/week2226 with Minor/Honours
Minor — S43 options · one per bucket
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT282
Microcontrollers
Bucket I
ECT282 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT284
Digital Communication
Bucket II
ECT284 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT286
Introduction to Digital Signal Processing
Bucket III
ECT286 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Honours — S43 options · one per group
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT292
Nanoelectronics
Group I
ECT292 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT294
Stochastic Processes for Communication
Group II
ECT294 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT296
Stochastic Signal Processing
Group III
ECT296 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Semester 5July – December8 courses23 credits · 27 with Minor/Honours
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AECT301
Linear Integrated Circuits
ECT301 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BECT303
Digital Signal Processing
ECT303 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
CECT305
Analog and Digital Communication
ECT305 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
DECT307
Control Systems
ECT307 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
EHUT300
Industrial Economics & Foreign Trade S5 or S6
HUT300 · L-T-P 3-0-0 · 3 hrs/week
30033credits
EHUT310
Management for Engineers S5 or S6
HUT310 · L-T-P 3-0-0 · 3 hrs/week
30033credits
FMCN301
Disaster Management Non-credit
MCN301 · L-T-P 2-0-0 · 2 hrs/week
2002—no credit
SECL331
Analog Integrated Circuits and Simulation Lab
ECL331 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
TECL333
Digital Signal Processing Lab
ECL333 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
R/M/H—
Remedial / Minor / Honours course Optional
L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
4 hours a week for students registered for a Minor or Honours; everyone else attends remedial classes.
Minor courses ↓ Honours courses ↓
31044credits
Total27 / 31hrs/week2327 with Minor/Honours
Minor — S53 options · one per bucket
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT381
Embedded System Design
Bucket I
ECT381 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT383
Communication Systems
Bucket II
ECT383 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT385
Topics in Digital Image Processing
Bucket III
ECT385 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Honours — S53 options · one per group
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT393
FPGA Based System Design
Group I
ECT393 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT395
Detection and Estimation Theory
Group II
ECT395 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT397
Computational Tools for Signal Processing
Group III
ECT397 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Semester 6January – June7 courses + 1 elective to choose23 credits · 27 with Minor/Honours
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AECT302
Electromagnetics
ECT302 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
BECT304
VLSI Circuit Design
ECT304 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
CECT306
Information Theory and Coding
ECT306 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
D—
Program Elective I
L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
Choose 1 of 7 options ↓
21033credits
EHUT300
Industrial Economics & Foreign Trade S5 or S6
HUT300 · L-T-P 3-0-0 · 3 hrs/week
30033credits
EHUT310
Management for Engineers S5 or S6
HUT310 · L-T-P 3-0-0 · 3 hrs/week
30033credits
FECT308
Comprehensive Course Work
ECT308 · L-T-P 1-0-0 · 1 hrs/week
10011credit
SECL332
Communication Lab
ECL332 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
TECD334
Mini Project
ECD334 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
R/M/H—
Remedial / Minor / Honours course Optional
L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
4 hours a week for students registered for a Minor or Honours; everyone else attends remedial classes.
Minor courses ↓ Honours courses ↓
31044credits
Total25 / 29hrs/week2327 with Minor/Honours
Program Elective ISlot D · 7 options
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT312
Digital System Design
ECT312 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT322
Power Electronics
ECT322 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT332
Data Analysis
ECT332 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT342
Embedded Systems
ECT342 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT352
Digital Image Processing
ECT352 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT362
Introduction to MEMS
ECT362 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT372
Quantum Computing
ECT372 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
Minor — S63 options · one per bucket
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT382
VLSI Circuits
Bucket I
ECT382 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT384
Data Networks
Bucket II
ECT384 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT386
Topics in Computer Vision
Bucket III
ECT386 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Honours — S63 options · one per group
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT394
Electronic Design and Automation Tools
Group I
ECT394 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT396
MIMO and Multiuser Communication Systems
Group II
ECT396 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT398
Detection and Estimation Theory
Group III
ECT398 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Semester 7July – December5 courses + 2 electives to choose15 credits · 19 with Minor/Honours
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AECT401
Wireless Communication
ECT401 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
B—
Program Elective II
L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
Choose 1 of 7 options ↓
21033credits
C—
Open Elective
L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
Choose 1 of 5 options ↓
21033credits
DMCN401
Industrial Safety Engineering Non-credit
MCN401 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
2103—no credit
SECL411
Electromagnetics Lab
ECL411 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
TECQ413
Seminar
ECQ413 · L-T-P 0-0-3 · 3 hrs/week
00332credits
UECD415
Project Phase I
ECD415 · L-T-P 0-0-6 · 6 hrs/week
00662credits
R/M/H—
Remedial / Minor / Honours course Optional
L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
4 hours a week for students registered for a Minor or Honours; everyone else attends remedial classes.
Minor courses ↓ Honours courses ↓
31044credits
Total24 / 28hrs/week1519 with Minor/Honours
Program Elective IISlot B · 7 options
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT413
Optical Fiber Communication
ECT413 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT423
Computer Networks
ECT423 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT433
Opto-electronic Devices
ECT433 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT443
Antenna and Wave Propagation
ECT443 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT453
Error Control Codes
ECT453 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT463
Machine Learning
ECT463 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT473
DSP Architectures
ECT473 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
Open ElectiveSlot C · 5 options
Offered by this department to students of other branches — you take one open elective offered by another department.
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT415
Mechatronics
ECT415 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT425
Biomedical Instrumentation
ECT425 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT435
Electronic Hardware for Engineers
ECT435 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT445
IoT and Applications
ECT445 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT455
Entertainment Electronics
ECT455 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
Minor — S7Mini project — S7 or S8
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECD481
Mini Project
Every bucket
ECD481 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Honours — S73 options · one per group
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT495
RF MEMS
Group I
ECT495 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT497
Design and Analysis of Antennas
Group II
ECT497 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
ECT499
Multirate Signal Processing and Wavelets
Group III
ECT499 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Semester 8January – June3 courses + 3 electives to choose17 credits · 21 with Minor/Honours
SlotCourse codeCourse titleL-T-PHrs /
week
Credits
LTP
AECT402
Instrumentation
ECT402 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
B—
Program Elective III
L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
Choose 1 of 7 options ↓
21033credits
C—
Program Elective IV
L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
Choose 1 of 7 options ↓
21033credits
D—
Program Elective V
L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
Choose 1 of 7 options ↓
21033credits
EECT404
Comprehensive Viva Voce
ECT404 · L-T-P 1-0-0 · 1 hrs/week
10011credit
UECD416
Project Phase II
ECD416 · L-T-P 0-0-12 · 12 hrs/week
0012124credits
R/M/H—
Remedial / Minor / Honours course Optional
L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
4 hours a week for students registered for a Minor or Honours; everyone else attends remedial classes.
Minor courses ↓ Honours courses ↓
31044credits
Total25 / 28hrs/week1721 with Minor/Honours
Program Elective IIISlot B · 7 options
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT414
Biomedical Engineering
ECT414 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT424
Satellite Communication
ECT424 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT434
Secure Communication
ECT434 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT444
Pattern Recognition
ECT444 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT454
RF Circuit Design
ECT454 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT464
Mixed Signal Circuit Design
ECT464 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT474
Entrepreneurship
ECT474 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
Program Elective IVSlot C · 7 options
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT416
Modern Communication Systems
ECT416 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT426
Real Time Operating Systems
ECT426 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT436
Adaptive Signal Processing
ECT436 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT446
Microwave Devices and Circuits
ECT446 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT456
Speech and Audio Processing
ECT456 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT466
Analog CMOS Design
ECT466 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT476
Robotics
ECT476 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
Program Elective VSlot D · 7 options
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECT418
Mechatronics
ECT418 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT428
Optimization Techniques
ECT428 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT438
Computer Vision
ECT438 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT448
Low Power VLSI
ECT448 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT458
Internet of Things
ECT458 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT468
Renewable Energy Systems
ECT468 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
ECT478
Organic Electronics
ECT478 · L-T-P 2-1-0 · 3 hrs/week
21033credits
Minor — S8Mini project — S7 or S8
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECD482
Mini Project
Every bucket
ECD482 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
Honours — S8Mini project
Course codeCourse titleLTPHrs /
week
Credits
ECD496
Mini Project
Every group
ECD496 · L-T-P 3-1-0 · 4 hrs/week
31044credits
How to read this: L-T-P is Lecture – Tutorial – Practical hours per week. A semester’s second credit figure includes the optional Remedial / Minor / Honours course. Minor (from S3) is 20 extra credits in another discipline: courses from one bucket plus a mini project in S7 or S8, the rest through approved MOOCs. Honours (from S4) is 20 extra credits in your own branch from one group, with a mini project in S8; it is awarded with a CGPA of 8.5 or more, a grade of C or better in every Honours course and no F grade. The curriculum document numbers Minor courses 25x / 35x / 45x and Honours courses 27x / 37x / 47x; the syllabus and exams use 28x / 38x / 48x and 29x / 39x / 49x, which is what is shown here.

Source: APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University — B.Tech Curriculum 2019. Always confirm with the university or your college before registering.